The main difference is that XHTML is actually an XML application, meaning that you can embed other XML applications (such as SVG etc) inside of your XHTML document. Don't think about doing cool stuff like that in IE though, it doesn't support SVG, or even XHTML.
Syntactically (spell checker says that's a word :O) it's not much different from HTML. Just make sure you've included your
DOCTYPE, your documents are
well formed and any style related attributes are in CSS. (no <div
height="42"></div> for example)